Gold technology of the ancient Scythians – gold from the kurgan Arzhan 2, Tuva

نویسنده

  • Barbara Armbruster
چکیده

In 2000-2003, a ‘royal’ burial site in Tuva Republic, Siberia, dating to early Scythian times, was excavated by a joint German-Russian research program. Thousands of gold articles were discovered in the wooden chamber of ‘royal’ burial no. 5, dated to the late 7th century BC. The majority of these ornaments are decorated in the Scythian animal style. The study of the technological aspects reveals the variety of manufacturing techniques and designs employed for these extremely rich ornaments, and provides an insight into the complexity of the art of the early Scythian goldsmiths at the end of the 7th century BC. This paper aims to present the large variety of distinct processes used in the manufacture of these gold artefacts. The technical expertise and the equipment at the disposal of the Early Iron Age craftsmen can be inferred from tool marks and analysis of surface structures. The early date of these finds, demonstrated by a combination of radiocarbon and dendrochronology, supports the assumption that this particular, sophisticated style of early Scythian metal work originated in the Tuva region. Résumé : Une sépulture princière, datée du début de la période Scythe, a été fouillée en 2002-2003 dans la République de Touva, Sibérie, dans le cadre d’un programme de recherche germano-Russe. Des milliers d’objets en or ont été découverts dans la chambre funéraire de la sépulture n° 5, datant du viie siècle av. J.-C. La majorité de ces parures est décorée dans le style animalier Scythe. L’étude technologique a révélé la variété des techniques de fabrication et des motifs employés pour ces ornements extrêmement riches. Elle a aussi donné un aperçu de la complexité de l’art des orfèvres Scythes à la fin du viie siècle av. J.-C. Cet article vise à présenter la grande variété des procédés distincts utilisés dans la fabrication de ces objets en or. La compétence technique et l’équipement à la disposition de l’artisan à l’Âge du Fer ancien peuvent être déduits des traces d’outils et de l’analyse des structures de surface. La précocité de ces trouvailles, démontrée par la combinaison de la datation radiocarbone avec la dendrochronologie, soutient l’hypothèse que ce style particulier et sophistiqué du travail du métal au début de l’époque Scythe trouverait son origine dans la région de Touva.

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تاریخ انتشار 2016